1
Compare cases
Set one subject against another.
Example
The coastal site was densely occupied. By contrast, the inland site was seasonal.
by contrast
/baɪ ˈkɒntrɑːst/ · by KON-trahstcontrast transition
Introduces a clear difference from the preceding case or claim.
Use by contrast to signal this exact relationship between ideas: introduces a clear difference from the preceding case or claim.
What by contrast Really Means
The word becomes easier to use when its closely related senses are separated and compared.
2
Oppose trends
Show that two patterns move differently.
Example
Demand rose in cities; by contrast, it declined in rural areas.
3
Clarify distinction
Use contrast to sharpen categories.
Example
The first account is speculative. The second, by contrast, cites dated records.
Use by contrast Naturally
Notice how the surrounding noun or clause reveals the exact shade of meaning.
The coastal site was densely occupied. By contrast, the inland site was seasonal.
Demand rose in cities; by contrast, it declined in rural areas.
The first account is speculative. The second, by contrast, cites dated records.
Precision Matters
By contrast overlaps with several common words, but each carries a different emphasis.
by contrast
vs.Signals introduces a clear difference from the preceding case or claim.
as opposed to
Means rather than; in contrast with the alternative named.
by contrast
vs.Signals introduces a clear difference from the preceding case or claim.
at the same time
Means simultaneously; also used to introduce a balancing qualification.
by contrast
vs.Signals introduces a clear difference from the preceding case or claim.
similarly
Means in a comparable or parallel way.
by contrast
vs.Signals introduces a clear difference from the preceding case or claim.
consequently
Means as a result; introduces a consequence of what precedes.
Test by contrast in Context
The second case differs clearly from the first on the same measure.
1
The northern plots retained moisture throughout summer. ___, the southern plots dried within weeks.